From: International trade and unemployment: towards an investigation of the Swiss case
Dependent variable: change in employment status | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No trade covariates | Trade levels | Trade levels, lagged | Trade first diff. | Trade first diff., lagged | |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | |
Trade covariates | |||||
Imports | 0.012 | 0.010 | 0.006 | 0.025 | |
(0.019) | (0.019) | (0.028) | (0.027) | ||
Exports | − 0.001 | − 0.002 | 0.013 | − 0.014 | |
(0.019) | (0.019) | (0.030) | (0.025) | ||
Imports*low-skilled | 0.017** | 0.016** | − 0.002 | − 0.002 | |
(0.008) | (0.007) | (0.060) | (0.042) | ||
Imports*medium-skilled | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.007 | − 0.027 | |
(0.005) | (0.005) | (0.036) | (0.024) | ||
Exports*low-skilled | − 0.011* | − 0.011* | − 0.004 | − 0.009 | |
(0.006) | (0.006) | (0.064) | (0.028) | ||
Exports*medium-skilled | − 0.002 | − 0.001 | − 0.009 | 0.012 | |
(0.004) | (0.004) | (0.029) | (0.024) | ||
Industry characteristics | |||||
ICT intensive | − 0.005 | 0.001 | 0.002 | − 0.006 | − 0.009 |
(0.023) | (0.026) | (0.027) | (0.023) | (0.012) | |
ICT intensive*low-skilled | − 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 |
(0.008) | (0.008) | (0.008) | (0.008) | (0.008) | |
ICT intensive*medium-skilled | − 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | − 0.000 | 0.000 |
(0.005) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.004) | (0.005) | |
GAV | − 0.015 | − 0.021 | − 0.013 | − 0.016 | − 0.011 |
(0.019) | (0.044) | (0.044) | (0.019) | (0.017) | |
GAV*low-skilled | 0.009 | 0.012* | 0.012* | 0.009 | 0.009 |
(0.006) | (0.007) | (0.007) | (0.006) | (0.006) | |
GAV*medium-skilled | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
(0.005) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.005) | |
Worker and job characteristics | |||||
Low-skilled | 0.013** | − 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.013* | 0.014** |
(0.006) | (0.006) | (0.006) | (0.008) | (0.007) | |
Medium-skilled | 0.006** | 0.006 | 0.007 | 0.006* | 0.007** |
(0.003) | (0.006) | (0.006) | (0.004) | (0.003) | |
Foreigner | 0.010** | 0.010** | 0.010** | 0.010** | 0.010** |
(0.004) | (0.004) | (0.004) | (0.004) | (0.004) | |
Age | − 0.003** | − 0.003** | − 0.003** | − 0.004** | − 0.004** |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
Age^2 | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.000*** |
(0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
Female | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
(0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.004) | |
Married | − 0.009*** | − 0.009*** | − 0.009*** | − 0.008*** | − 0.008*** |
(0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | (0.003) | |
Widowed | − 0.019** | − 0.019** | − 0.019** | − 0.018** | − 0.018** |
(0.008) | (0.008) | (0.008) | (0.008) | (0.007) | |
Separated | 0.007** | 0.007** | 0.008** | 0.008** | 0.008** |
(0.004) | (0.004) | (0.004) | (0.004) | (0.004) | |
Part-time worker | 0.012** | 0.011** | 0.011** | 0.012** | 0.012** |
(0.005) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.005) | |
Temporary worker | 0.113*** | 0.113*** | 0.112*** | 0.113*** | 0.113*** |
(0.030) | (0.030) | (0.030) | (0.030) | (0.030) | |
Short tenure (< 1 year) | 0.202*** | 0.202*** | 0.206*** | 0.205*** | 0.205*** |
(0.048) | (0.048) | (0.049) | (0.049) | (0.049) | |
Medium tenure (1 to < 5 years) | 0.017*** | 0.017*** | 0.017*** | 0.017*** | 0.017*** |
(0.006) | (0.006) | (0.006) | (0.006) | (0.006) | |
Constant | 0.478* | 0.457* | 0.496* | 0.080** | 0.078** |
(0.267) | (0.270) | (0.283) | (0.039) | (0.039) | |
Number of observations | 20,928 | 20,928 | 20,895 | 20,878 | 20,866 |
Adjusted R2 | 0.086 | 0.086 | 0.088 | 0.089 | 0.087 |