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Table 5 Westerlund cointegration test. H0: no cointegration

From: Are apprenticeships business cycle proof?

  

Statistic

z value

p value

Group mean test

G τ

− 3.247

− 5.523

0.000

 

G α

− 15.877

− 2.899

0.002

Whole panel

P τ

− 14.566

− 4.339

0.000

 

P α

− 13.718

− 3.980

0.000