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Table 1 Descriptive statistics

From: Scale effects on efficiency and profitability in the Swiss banking sector

 

Mean

SD

Min

Median

Max

N

Cost/income ratio (%)

54.26

10.28

32.37

53.55

87.25

2497

Return on assets (%)

0.37

0.19

− 0.06

0.34

1.33

2497

Personnel cost/income (%)

30.69

7.10

17.18

29.94

56.92

2497

Material cost/income (%)

23.57

6.56

11.51

22.89

44.24

2497

Expense/asset ratio (%)

1.10

0.37

0.59

1.04

2.94

2497

Net operating income/assets (%)

0.58

0.31

− 0.62

0.56

1.75

2497

Return on risk-wtd. assets (%)

0.69

0.38

− 0.09

0.61

2.63

2345

Return on equity (%)

4.81

2.61

− 1.73

4.43

18.07

2497

Log(Total Assets)

20.89

2.08

15.40

20.37

28.48

2497

Deposits/assets (%)

63.90

9.34

39.34

63.96

90.22

2497

Mortgages/assets (%)

73.60

13.49

10.08

77.38

88.03

2497

Trading/assets (%)

0.74

2.82

0.00

0.03

20.85

2497

Net Int. Inc./Op. Inc. (%)

78.06

15.29

21.86

80.73

101.53

2497

Commission Inc./Op. Inc. (%)

15.90

12.24

0.00

13.09

63.21

2497

Trading Inc./Op. Inc. (%)

4.12

4.18

− 5.62

3.27

22.52

2497

Capital/assets (%)

7.95

2.06

3.59

7.67

14.84

2497

RWA/Assets (%)

54.50

8.44

25.31

54.63

81.99

2497

Domestic/total assets (%)

96.34

11.33

19.31

99.47

100.00

2497

HHI of Mtg Holdings (/1000)

7.50

2.52

0.82

8.37

10.00

1801

Avg. local HHI (/1000)

1.96

0.54

1.12

2.00

3.64

1801

  1. Variable definitions are discussed in Sect. 3. “HHI of Mtg Holdings” is the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index of a bank’s mortgage holdings across the 26 Swiss cantons in a given year; it measures how locally concentrated a bank’s mortgage business is. “Avg. Local HHI” is based on each canton’s annual HHI (using the market shares of all banks active in a canton), and we then take a weighted average for each bank, using its share of mortgages across cantons as weights. It thus measures how concentrated the mortgage markets are where a bank operates (a proxy for market power). Both HHI measures are only available since 2002