Table 5 Estimates of the exchange rate pass-through to consumer prices for Food & Beverages
Product category | Pre-trend difference | Standard DID estimate | Synthetic DID estimate | Implied pass-through |
|---|---|---|---|---|
All-items HICP | 0.01 | \(-\)1.64\(^{***}\) | \(-\)1.23\(^{**}\) | 0.12 |
(0.04) | (0.26) | (0.48) | ||
Food (overall index) | \(-\)0.17\(^{**}\) | \(-\)1.58\(^{***}\) | \(-\)1.42 | 0.14 |
(0.07) | (0.32) | (0.92) | ||
Alcoholic beverages | 0.01 | \(-\)1.52\(^{***}\) | \(-\)1.38\(^{**}\) | 0.14 |
(0.04) | (0.25) | (0.64) | ||
Beer | -0.1 | \(-\)3.19\(^{***}\) | -2.81\(^{***}\) | 0.28 |
(0.09) | (0.52) | (0.76) | ||
Bread and cereals | \(-\)0.01 | \(-\)0.66\(^{***}\) | \(-\)0.16 | 0.02 |
(0.03) | (0.19) | (0.56) | ||
Coffee, tea, and cocoa | 0.38\(^{**}\) | \(-\)4.35\(^{***}\) | \(-\)2.45\(^{**}\) | 0.24 |
(0.15) | (1.34) | (1) | ||
Fish and seafood | 0 | \(-\)3.36\(^{***}\) | \(-\)3.28\(^{**}\) | 0.33 |
(0.07) | (0.52) | (1.43) | ||
Fruits | \(-\)0.79\(^{***}\) | \(-\)2.17 | \(-\)3.93 | 0.39 |
(0.15) | (1.82) | (2.65) | ||
Meat | \(-\)0.02 | \(-\)1.36\(^{***}\) | 0.12 | \(-\)0.01 |
(0.09) | (0.45) | (1.05) | ||
Milk, cheese, and eggs | \(-\)0.08 | \(-\)0.48 | \(-\)1 | 0.1 |
(0.06) | (0.29) | (1.37) | ||
Mineral waters, soft drinks, fruit and vegetable juices | 0.11 | \(-\)1.75\(^{***}\) | \(-\)2.8\(^{***}\) | 0.28 |
(0.08) | (0.43) | (0.94) | ||
Non-alcoholic beverages | 0.17\(^{***}\) | \(-\)2.33\(^{***}\) | \(-\)2.16\(^{***}\) | 0.21 |
| Â | (0.07) | (0.51) | (0.82) | |
Oils and fats | \(-\)0.24\(^{***}\) | \(-\)0.48 | \(-\)1.42 | 0.14 |
(0.06) | (0.63) | (2.29) | ||
Processed food | \(-\)0.02 | \(-\)1.1\(^{***}\) | \(-\)1.25\(^{*}\) | 0.12 |
(0.04) | (0.24) | (0.66) | ||
Seasonal food | \(-\)0.54\(^{**}\) | \(-\)3.46\(^{***}\) | \(-\)3.29\(^{*}\) | 0.33 |
(0.22) | (0.97) | (1.9) | ||
Spirits | \(-\)0.01 | \(-\)1.57\(^{***}\) | \(-\)0.79 | 0.08 |
(0.05) | (0.31) | (0.86) | ||
Sugar, jam, honey, chocolate, and confectionery | \(-\)0.06 | 0.07 | \(-\)0.57 | 0.06 |
(0.07) | (0.42) | (1.23) | ||
Vegetables | \(-\)0.06 | \(-\)4.79\(^{***}\) | \(-\)2.16 | 0.21 |
(0.15) | (1.6) | (2.67) | Â | |
Wine | \(-\)0.06 | \(-\)1.21\(^{***}\) | \(-\)1.63\(^{**}\) | 0.16 |
(0.37) | (0.38) | (0.7) | ||
Other food products | \(-\)0.15\(^{***}\) | \(-\)2.1\(^{***}\) | \(-\)2.37\(^{**}\) | 0.24 |
(0.06) | (0.37) | (1.1) |