Table 3 Dynamic regression table, 1987–2016

log(Apprenticeships)_t−1

− 0.422***

− 0.392***

− 0.418***

(0.040)

(0.041)

(0.040)

Immediate, transitory effects

Δlog(Population aged 16)_t,t−1

0.247***

0.259***

0.239***

(0.058)

(0.065)

(0.057)

ΔUnemployed_t,t−1

− 1.765***

− 1.595***

(0.332)

(0.339)

ΔGDP growth_t,t−1

0.109

0.054

(0.068)

(0.058)

Permanent effects

log(Population aged 16)_t−1

0.280***

0.262***

0.264***

(0.042)

(0.045)

(0.042)

Unemployed_t−1

− 0.313

− 0.285

(0.239)

(0.237)

GDP growth_t−1

0.285***

0.141*

(0.095)

(0.082)

Trend^1987−1991

− 0.006*

− 0.002

− 0.005

(0.003)

(0.004)

(0.003)

Trend^1992−2015

0.003***

0.003***

0.003***

(0.000)

(0.001)

(0.000)

Observations

780

780

780

Number of region

26

26

26

Regional fixed effects

Yes

Yes

Yes