From: The impact of contactless payment on cash usage at an early stage of diffusion
(1) | (2) | (3) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | b | se | b | se | b | se |
Contactless credit | − 5.301 | (14.613) | − 5.507 | (14.760) | − 10.587 | (15.396) |
log(income) | 30.885*** | (6.308) | 35.589*** | (6.301) | 37.976*** | (6.451) |
Interest rate | − 6.433 | (11.463) | − 5.329 | (10.787) | − 1.799 | (9.505) |
Education | ||||||
High school | − 24.227 | (31.741) | − 23.819 | (33.539) | − 16.421 | (36.158) |
Some college | − 14.669 | (32.814) | − 13.565 | (34.835) | − 10.931 | (37.197) |
College | − 33.381 | (33.496) | − 28.655 | (35.686) | − 20.106 | (38.322) |
Post graduate | − 10.333 | (35.484) | − 6.421 | (37.492) | 1.853 | (40.304) |
Employment | ||||||
Working | − 24.375* | (13.123) | − 23.459* | (13.400) | − 23.946** | (12.172) |
Retired | 3.797 | (24.020) | 7.888 | (23.649) | 9.055 | (23.476) |
Other | 31.713** | (15.364) | 35.325** | (15.512) | 33.888** | (15.257) |
Marital status | ||||||
Single | − 35.151 | (34.478) | − 32.307 | (33.662) | − 33.348 | (30.590) |
Married | − 57.976* | (32.407) | − 58.621* | (31.320) | − 59.704** | (29.269) |
Separated | − 27.190 | (34.106) | − 22.297 | (33.602) | − 16.506 | (30.831) |
Age | ||||||
25–34 | 15.620 | (19.975) | 22.015 | (20.370) | 36.509** | (18.243) |
35–44 | 11.993 | (22.396) | 15.083 | (22.467) | 34.465* | (19.610) |
45–54 | 38.200* | (22.869) | 36.187 | (22.962) | 39.305** | (20.018) |
55–64 | 36.924 | (25.361) | 31.116 | (25.617) | 34.154 | (22.811) |
> 65 | 44.779 | (31.808) | 30.569 | (32.846) | 31.962 | (30.458) |
Ethnicity | ||||||
White | − 21.338 | (44.445) | − 22.980 | (45.108) | − 30.039 | (45.024) |
Black | 0.618 | (48.577) | − 5.700 | (48.927) | − 10.741 | (48.945) |
Latino | 23.720 | (15.654) | 18.551 | (14.956) | 21.396 | (14.878) |
Other | − 26.842 | (47.219) | − 28.048 | (48.138) | -33.685 | (48.045) |
Other | ||||||
Male | 25.931*** | (9.259) | 27.375*** | (9.215) | 22.688** | (8.926) |
HH members | 0.582 | (4.399) | − 0.194 | (4.387) | − 1.627 | (4.491) |
CC revolver | − 41.217*** | (9.535) | − 38.676*** | (9.681) | − 30.695*** | (9.370) |
Home owner | 17.532 | (12.353) | 16.992 | (12.130) | 11.995 | (11.307) |
Rel. characteristics | ||||||
Security | 19.570*** | (7.492) | 14.066** | (6.883) | ||
Setup | − 18.465 | (11.395) | − 32.118*** | (11.052) | ||
Acceptance | 22.753 | (16.290) | 22.957 | (16.678) | ||
Costs | − 1.936 | (13.064) | − 2.073 | (12.444) | ||
Records | 13.911 | (8.519) | 6.240 | (8.207) | ||
Convenience | 37.702*** | (11.137) | 33.056*** | (10.417) | ||
Withdrawal method | ||||||
Bank teller | 83.374*** | (13.958) | ||||
Check casher | 209.064*** | (60.061) | ||||
Cashback | − 60.506*** | (7.440) | ||||
Employer | 103.629** | (40.740) | ||||
Family | 8.894 | (28.750) | ||||
Other | 98.102** | (45.644) | ||||
Constant | − 154.330* | (88.997) | − 130.304 | (90.618) | − 206.721** | (94.081) |
R 2 | 0.083 | 0.112 | 0.208 | |||
Individuals | 1464 | 1452 | 1452 |