From: The impact of contactless payment on cash usage at an early stage of diffusion
(1) | (2) | (3) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | b | se | b | se | b | se |
Contactless credit | − 0.325 | (0.355) | − 0.326 | (0.435) | − 0.295 | (0.446) |
log(income) | 0.290* | (0.152) | 0.193 | (0.198) | 0.236 | (0.196) |
Interest rate | 0.203 | (0.131) | 0.282 | (0.184) | 0.237 | (0.184) |
Education | ||||||
High school | 1.449*** | (0.391) | 1.490*** | (0.354) | 1.996*** | (0.382) |
Some college | 1.229 | (1.358) | 1.101 | (1.889) | 1.803 | (2.043) |
College | 1.800 | (1.601) | 1.751 | (2.139) | 2.333 | (2.274) |
Post graduate | 1.793 | (1.497) | 1.699 | (2.123) | 2.274 | (2.254) |
Employment | ||||||
Working | − 0.058 | (0.292) | 0.199 | (0.364) | 0.236 | (0.354) |
Retired | − 0.031 | (0.415) | − 0.040 | (0.742) | 0.096 | (0.742) |
Other | − 0.008 | (0.315) | 0.237 | (0.474) | 0.170 | (0.469) |
Marital status | ||||||
Single | − 0.645 | (0.711) | 0.060 | (0.843) | 0.035 | (0.791) |
Married | − 0.838 | (0.577) | − 0.772 | (0.600) | − 0.780 | (0.571) |
Separated | − 0.951 | (0.782) | − 0.952 | (0.831) | − 0.907 | (0.812) |
Age | ||||||
25–34 | 0.826 | (0.538) | 0.618 | (1.199) | 0.551 | (1.097) |
35–44 | 1.439** | (0.653) | 1.504 | (1.261) | 1.458 | (1.149) |
45–54 | 1.691** | (0.752) | 1.615 | (1.357) | 1.558 | (1.242) |
55–64 | 1.688** | (0.783) | 1.465 | (1.394) | 1.321 | (1.280) |
> 65 | 1.290 | (0.862) | 0.999 | (1.473) | 0.736 | (1.359) |
Other | ||||||
HH members | 0.007 | (0.091) | 0.090 | (0.118) | 0.063 | (0.115) |
CC revolver | 0.136 | (0.231) | − 0.117 | (0.262) | − 0.151 | (0.255) |
Home owner | 0.059 | (0.418) | 0.260 | (0.507) | 0.259 | (0.498) |
Rel. characteristics | ||||||
Security | 0.022 | (0.088) | − 0.005 | (0.088) | ||
Setup | − 0.057 | (0.220) | − 0.076 | (0.219) | ||
Acceptance | − 0.322 | (0.266) | − 0.294 | (0.257) | ||
Costs | 0.074 | (0.187) | 0.074 | (0.186) | ||
Records | 0.033 | (0.138) | − 0.010 | (0.134) | ||
Convenience | − 0.034 | (0.163) | − 0.024 | (0.162) | ||
Withdrawal method | ||||||
Bank teller | − 0.657*** | (0.223) | ||||
Check casher | − 1.107 | (0.828) | ||||
Cashback | 0.353 | (0.299) | ||||
Employer | 1.245 | (0.937) | ||||
Family | 0.391 | (0.459) | ||||
Other | 1.723*** | (0.576) | ||||
Constant | − 2.080 | (2.134) | − 1.437 | (2.954) | − 2.437 | (2.952) |
R 2 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.031 | |||
Observations | 3602 | 2874 | 2873 | |||
Individuals | 853 | 847 | 846 |