Table 2 Unit root and stationarity tests, statistics and 5% critical values, 1855–2015
From: 160 Years of aggregate supply and demand in Switzerland
Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin test | Phillips–Perron unit root test | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | Intercept and trend | Intercept | Intercept and trend | |
Variable | ||||
Levels | ||||
CPI | 1.41*** (0.46) | 0.31*** (0.15) | 0.53 (−2.88) | −2.26 (−3.44) |
Real GDP | 1.55*** (0.46) | 0.09 (0.15) | −1.22 (−2.88) | −3.25 (−3.44) |
Differences | ||||
CPI inflation | 0.33 (0.46) | 0.07 (0.15) | −9.06*** (−2.88) | −9.03*** (−3.44) |
Real GDP growth | 0.09 (0.46) | 0.04 (0.15) | −14.83*** (−2.88) | −14.86*** (−3.44) |